What is the first-line treatment option for gambling disorder?

Naltrexone is recognized as a first-line treatment option for gambling disorder due to its role as an opioid antagonist, which helps to mitigate the reinforcing effects that contribute to compulsive gambling behaviors. Research has shown that naltrexone can reduce the cravings and urges associated with gambling by moderating the neurochemical pathways that are overactive in individuals with this disorder.

Studies have demonstrated that patients treated with naltrexone have shown significant reductions in gambling frequency and severity when compared to placebo treatment. Its effectiveness is partly attributed to its ability to diminish the satisfaction derived from gambling activities, thereby supporting individuals in their recovery efforts.

Other treatment options listed, such as fluoxetine, clonidine, and disulfiram, do not have the same level of established efficacy for treating gambling disorder. Fluoxetine may be used occasionally, especially in cases where depression is a co-occurring issue, but it is not specifically indicated for the treatment of gambling disorder. Clonidine primarily acts on the adrenergic system and may help with certain withdrawal symptoms but lacks specific evidence for efficacy in gambling disorder. Disulfiram is used primarily for alcohol use disorder and works by causing unpleasant reactions to alcohol, making it unsuitable for gambling treatment. Thus, naltrexone stands